How the Football Offside Rule Works: Positions, Interference and VAR

When Is a Player in an Offside Position?

A player is in an offside position if, when the ball is played or touched by a teammate, the player is in the opponents' half and nearer the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent, using the body parts relevant under the Laws of the Game. Being level with the second-last opponent is not offside.

When Does That Position Become an Offence?

The player must become involved in active play. This can happen by playing a teammate's pass, interfering with an opponent or gaining an advantage in circumstances defined by the laws. A forward who remains uninvolved may be in an offside position without committing an offence.

Are There Exceptions?

A player cannot be offside directly from a goal kick, throw-in or corner kick. Other phases of play are judged under the normal rules. The distinction between a deliberate play by an opponent and a deflection can also matter, and officials apply the detailed IFAB guidance.

How Does VAR Affect Offside?

Video officials can review an offside offence in the attacking phase leading to a goal. Technology may assist with the position of players and the timing of the pass, but officials still assess involvement and other relevant factors.

Three Common Misunderstandings

1. 'The player was ahead of the defenders.' The ball and the second-last opponent both matter.
2. 'The player never touched the ball.' Interference with an opponent can still create an offence.
3. 'Every offside position is illegal.' Position alone is not an offence.

Why the Timing of the Pass Matters

Offside position is assessed when the ball is played or touched by the teammate, not simply when the receiving player collects it. A perfectly timed run can therefore begin from an onside position and finish beyond the defensive line.

FAQ

Can a player be offside in their own half?

No. An offside position requires the player to be in the opponents' half.

Can you be offside directly from a throw-in?

No.

Official source: IFAB Law 11: Offside.

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