How the Offside Rule Works in Football: Simple Examples and Key Exceptions

When Is a Player in an Offside Position?

A player is in an offside position if, in the opponents' half, any relevant part of the head, body or feet is nearer the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent. The position is judged at the moment a teammate plays or touches the ball.

Important: being in an offside position is not itself an offence.

When Does It Become an Offside Offence?

An offence occurs when a player in an offside position becomes involved in active play by interfering with play, interfering with an opponent or gaining an advantage as defined by the Laws of the Game. Officials therefore consider both position and involvement.

Three Situations Fans Should Know

1. A through ball: an attacker beyond the second-last opponent when the pass is made may be penalised if they play the ball.
2. An uninvolved attacker: a player in an offside position who does not affect play may not commit an offence.
3. A rebound: the law includes specific rules on gaining an advantage from rebounds, deflections and saves.

When Is There No Offside Offence?

A player cannot be penalised for receiving the ball directly from a goal kick, throw-in or corner kick. That does not mean offside is impossible in the next phase after a teammate subsequently touches the ball.

Why Are Marginal Decisions Controversial?

Close decisions depend on identifying the correct instant of contact and the positions of moving players. Video systems can assist officials, but supporters may still debate the interpretation of interference or the quality of available images.

FAQ

Can a player be offside in their own half?

No. A player cannot be in an offside position while in their own half of the field.

Does the goalkeeper have to be the last defender?

No. The law refers to the second-last opponent, regardless of position.

Is level with the second-last opponent offside?

No. Being level does not create an offside position.

Official source: IFAB Law 11: Offside.

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